Fig. Under suitable conditions, the crown is taller, the canopy is wide and open, round or round; roots, stems, branches and leaves have milk ducts that secrete white milk; after falling leaves in winter, leave on the branches. Large triangular leaf marks; leaf buds can form more than 2 to 3 buds, of which smaller cones are leaf buds. Leaf buds can sprout new shoots and can also become latent buds; others are big and round, which are flower buds. The figs are monoecious, heteromeric, buried in hidden inflorescences; they differ in type, such as common figs, intermediate figs, and only female flowers; native figs have female flowers, male flowers and short stigma female flowers suitable for fig growth. , also known as insects flowers. The shape of the fruit is oblate, spherical, pear-shaped, or altar-shaped; the color of the peel is diverse in green, yellow, red, and deep purple. The vegetatively propagated figs begin fruiting in 2 to 3 years after planting and enter fruitful stage in 6 to 7 years. Since then, the crown has been continuously expanded and the yield has been increasing year by year. The economic results can be maintained for 40 to 70 years. Under appropriate conditions, its life span Up to 100 years or more.
Fig growth force is very strong, young shoots or shoots long branches, the annual growth of up to 2 meters, and there are many growing habits. Therefore, the formation of the tree canopy is earlier and the result period is also early; the germination force and hair branching force are weaker than the persimmon tree and the pomegranate, so the fig tree crown is relatively sparse. Many of the latent buds of figs have a long lifespan, and it is easy to form adventitious buds on the stems. Therefore, the restoration of branches and the renewal of the canopy are relatively easy.
Figs are the result of new shoots in that year. This result is similar to that of grapes and persimmons, but it also has its own characteristics: in addition to the late autumn at the top of the new shoots, it differentiates the torus original body, and in the second year it continues to differentiate and bloom to form a spring fruit, but it can also extend at the new shoots. At the same time as growing, the beginning of the receptacle is formed from the base upwards, and it turns into Xia Guo and Qiuguo. This is the basis for the early fruit production of figs, so the figs should not be cut short when pruned. After the figs enter the result period, almost all new shoots can produce results, in addition to growing vigorously shaded and leggy branches, and can also expand the canopy, which is also where figs differ from other fruit trees. The dual-functioning branches that can result in the expansion of the crown are called hybrid branches. After entering the full fruit period, the growth of this mixed branch gradually weakens, the ability to expand the crown is reduced, and the result is gradually transformed into a result branch. As a result, when the branch becomes senescent, when a robust branch cannot be taken, the pruning should be promptly updated.
At the same time as the growth of fig shoots, the process of differentiation and flowering, the differentiation of flower organs and the growth of the receptacle are also carried out simultaneously. In order to distinguish from the flower bud differentiation of other fruit trees, it is called a receptacle differentiation.
After the fig mixed branch or fruiting branch ceases to grow in the autumn in the northern region, the growth point in the apex of the vermonia leaf only stops after the initial differentiation and overwinters in this state. In the spring of the second year, as the shoots grow, they are further differentiated into spring fruits. The new spring shoots, in addition to the base of the 2 to 3 axillary buds, can not differentiate the receptacle, the leaves of the above sections are constantly carrying the receptacle differentiation, and become summer fruit or autumn fruit. If the temperature conditions are appropriate, regardless of the spring shoots and the autumn shoots, the process of differentiation of the receptacles of the leaf axillary growth points will continue from the bottom up. Generally, the new shoots of the growing Zhongyong will flourish, and the shoots of the leggy growers will not be able to differentiate. .
The branches of figs are not like chestnuts and persimmons. As a result, after the fruit setting, they no longer send sticks and become bald. In addition to the fruits, there are also leaf buds in the leaves and leaves of the growing fruit. After the fruit is harvested, new shoots can still be taken in the second year.
The fruiting time of the fig shoot is gradually formed from the bottom up, and the more the fruit of the top shoot is later. Therefore, the ripening time of figs is also gradually delayed from the bottom up. Therefore, the fig harvesting period is very long. From August onwards, continuous harvesting can be carried out.
Although the fruit figs are sooner or later, the time for ripening and harvesting is early, early maturation and late maturation, but not always continued. In the northern region, if the fruit of late growth does not mature when it is fallen, these half-grown fruits will not mature due to the low temperature and lack of calories. Therefore, the figs planted in the northern region should be properly removed. In the southern regions where temperatures are higher in winter, some flower buds at the tip of the fruiting branches have not yet grown into fruit. When they entered the early winter, these flower buds were covered with scales and remained in their original state, although the temperature dropped. The growth has been temporarily stopped, but it is still safe to survive winter without freezing damage. In the spring of the second year, after the temperature rises, it will continue to grow and grow into fruit, and will gradually mature in late June. These premature fruits are called summer fruits. The fruit harvested from August to October is called Qiuguo. However, Xiaguo can only be produced in warm winter areas or with protective facilities. In cold regions in the north, it is necessary to make timely adjustments through pruning. Without protective facilities, it is difficult to preserve winter flower buds.
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