Pharmacological effects
1, the role of the cardiovascular system:
(1) Inhibition of heart function:
A small dose of safflower decoction can gently extinguish the isolated heart and the rabbit's heart in vivo, making the heartbeat strong and increase the amplitude; high doses will have an inhibitory effect on the heart, so that the heart rate will slow down, the myocardial contractility will weaken, and the heart beat Reduced production.
(2) Experimental studies on coronary blood flow show that:
Safflower water extract and safflower water-soluble mixture - safflower yellow has the effect of increasing coronary blood flow and myocardial nutrient blood flow; and the role of safflower ethanol extract in expanding coronary artery and increasing coronary blood flow No obvious or no effect.
(3) Experimental studies on experimental myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction indicate:
In rabbits, rats, dogs and other animal models causing experimental myocardial ischemia or myocardial infarction, safflower and its preparations have different degrees of antagonistic effect. Saffron can significantly protect the acute myocardial ischemia induced by pituitrin in rats or rabbits; it can significantly reduce the extent of acute myocardial ischemia in anesthetized dogs after repeated transient blocking of coronary blood flow. Heart rate slows, and protects the edge of the acute myocardial infarction area, and reduce the extent of infarct and reduce the margin of ST-segment elevation in the electrocardiogram of the border area, so as to improve the supply and demand of oxygen in the ischemic myocardium.
(4) Study on the effect of safflower on blood vessels:
If the blood vessels are first perfused with Rockwell's solution containing traces of epinephrine or norepinephrine, the vasculature of the isolated vascular smooth muscles of the animals maintains a certain degree of vascular tone, which may be similar to human blood venous and blood stasis. Saffron can cause vasodilation in guinea pig hindlimbs and rabbit ears with increased tension, and play a significant role with increasing dose. Saffron can also increase femoral arterial blood flow in anesthetized dogs, but normal isolated blood vessels in guinea pigs and rabbits can be used. Shrinkage. It was shown that safflower dilation of blood vessels is related to the functional status of the blood vessels and the dose of the drug. The mechanism of action may be mainly to directly or partially counteract the effect of a-adrenergic receptors to dilate blood vessels and have a weaker direct contraction of blood vessels. [2]
(5) Effect of safflower on cerebral edema caused by ischemic stroke in experimental animals:
Using safflower injection (containing 1 ml of crude drug in 1 ml), 63 Mongolian gerbils were ip given 10 g/kg safflower injection 30 minutes before surgery, and an operation control group and sham operation group were set up to observe the safflower pairs. The effect of ischemic cerebral edema and the study of changes in monoamine neurotransmitter content in the same brain area. The results suggest that the mechanism of safflower attenuating ischemic cerebral edema may be related to its ability to affect the metabolic disorder of monoamine neurons in tissues. It is further confirmed that safflower can actually reduce the incidence of stroke and mortality, and has a protective effect on the brain tissue of experimental thoracic infarcted animals.
(6) Antihypertensive effect:
Safflower decoction, safflower yellow and other preparations have different degrees of rapid antihypertensive effect on anesthetized cats or dogs. The average blood pressure drops by about 20 mmHg, and recovers after about 30 minutes.
2. Anticoagulant effect of safflor yellow:
Safflor yellow significantly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation in rabbits, and also had a marked depolymerization effect on ADP-bound platelets. When the dose was 0.22 g/ml, the aggregation inhibition rate and the depolymerization percentage reached 85.9% and 78.9%, respectively. These effects of safflower yellow increase with increasing dose. Safflor yellow has a very significant inhibitory effect on experimental thrombosis in rats, with an inhibition rate of 73.4%. Since the experimental use of platelet aggregates based on the thrombus material formed on the silk thread, the reduction in the thrombus wet weight is obviously the result of the drug's inhibition of platelet aggregation. It is consistent with the in vitro experiments that safflower yellow inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Safflor yellow also significantly prolonged plasma recalcification time, prothrombin time and clotting time in rabbits. It shows that it can affect both the in vivo and in vitro coagulation systems. In addition, safflower oil has a lipid-lowering effect.
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