Release date: 2014-03-27
If nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is found early, the cure rate is high, but because of the hidden position of the nasopharynx, most patients have been in the late stage of treatment. Therefore, the University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Toronto and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital jointly developed a new method for oral nasopharyngeal sphincter to detect early nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional testing method, this method is simple, effective, and it is not necessary to be in bed and can be used as a universal test. One of the main researchers, Professor Gu Lien, professor of Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto Medical School, said: "The early nasopharyngeal carcinoma has no obvious symptoms, and some tumors are located in the submucosa, so it is difficult to be discovered in the early stage. The new method can be simple, Non-invasive oral nasopharyngeal screening for screening, family doctors or nurses can also be carried out in the clinic, so there is a family genetic or serum test results Epstein Barr Virus (EBV), one of the human herpesviruses High-risk individuals who continue to be positive, can be tested and early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and improve survival rate." Professor Wei Lin, Professor Emeritus of the Department of Surgery, Faculty of Surgery, Li Ka Shing College of Medicine, University of Hong Kong added: "We hope that the new test method It can be used for large-scale global nasopharyngeal cancer screening, especially in areas where there are no specialists, precision endoscopic instruments, and equipment for preserving tumor samples." Associate Professor of Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto Medical School Dr. Wu Xianwei said: "Although the cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown, infection with EBV is The key and necessary factors for the development of cancer. Using the new transnasal nasopharyngeal method and the polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) analysis technique, we only need to collect a very small amount of cell samples directly from the nasopharynx. EBV DNA is measured to diagnose nasopharyngeal cancer. Therefore, very early nasopharyngeal carcinoma can be found in this technique long before any changes are detected by endoscopy or other methods." Research Methods and Results from 2001 By 2010, the University of Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Toronto and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital have jointly developed a brush that can enter the nasopharynx through the mouth, and then extract epithelial cells from the nasopharyngeal body. A total of 600 participants were enrolled in the study. They included patients with confirmed nasopharyngeal cancer, high-risk individuals with suspected nasopharyngeal cancer or family inheritance. All subjects were tested by oral nasopharyngeal method. The obtained samples were analyzed by Q-PCR technique to detect the presence or absence of latent EBV DNA, and pathological diagnosis was performed to confirm whether or not there was nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The results showed that the sensitivity and clarity of the method of oral nasopharyngeal sputum was higher than 99%, in other words, the misdiagnosis rate was only 1%, which was better than the existing test. In addition, most patients can find nasopharyngeal carcinoma at an early stage through new methods. There were 5 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who did not develop cancer by traditional endoscopic examination, but they were tested by new methods and found to have nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In addition, a hidden nasopharyngeal carcinoma patient was discovered by this method. The patient developed clinical symptoms only 1 year later. The case was finally confirmed by "slice biopsy". Future research directions In the coming months, researchers will use the oral nasopharyngeal method to conduct two studies in two different clinical settings. Among them, Professor Li Liyun, clinical professor and department head of the Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing College of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, is conducting a clinical study. I hope to know whether oral or nasopharyngeal methods can be used to monitor patients who have received radiation therapy to find out There was no early recurrence in situ. About Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the common head and neck cancers in Hong Kong. It is a high-risk group in southern China, Southeast Asia, the Arctic, North Africa and the Middle East, as well as overseas Chinese. It is also one of the seventh most common cancers in Hong Kong, with male patients being the majority, with a male to female ratio of 3 to 2. According to the Hong Kong Cancer Data Statistics Center, there were 862 new cases of nasopharyngeal cancer in 2011. About the research team This joint study was led by Dr. Wu Xianwei from the University of Toronto, in conjunction with other members of the Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital of the University of Hong Kong. The results of this study have been published in the journals Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and NeckSurgery Foundation.
Source: Translational Medicine Network
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