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The use of chemical fertilizers can increase food production, but excessive consumption will also bring about huge environmental problems. Increasing grain production is not the only way to increase fertilizer use. The “2014 Notice on Key Work Arrangements for Food Safety†stipulates that, without increasing the amount of chemical fertilizers or even reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers, the same purpose of increasing grain production is achieved. To achieve this goal, the key is to increase the efficiency of fertilizer use.
The author believes that this gives the following implications to the fertilizer market: First, the current fertilizer production capacity itself will be a serious surplus. If the demand no longer grows, then the new chemical fertilizer device must be cautious; Second, the fertilizer companies must actively adapt to the new changes in the market, and more development. New products will continuously increase the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers to benefit farmers and benefit the society.
From the current perspective, the author believes that there are three ways to increase the utilization of chemical fertilizers:
One is soil testing and formula fertilization. That is, the content of the main elements in the soil is measured first, and then scientific and rational fertilization is performed according to the nutrient required for the crop, and the amount of the fertilization is required to be increased to avoid waste. Compared with conventional fertilization, soil testing and formula fertilization can increase the yield of rice, wheat, corn and other major food crops by 6%-10%, increase the efficiency of the mu festival by more than RMB 30, and increase the effect of cash crops; Effectively more than 80 yuan. According to the statistics of the agricultural sector, the irrational fertilization amount of 1-2 kilograms per mu is reduced in the demonstration soil fertigation model fertilization demonstration area (purchased in the same way).
The second is to promote slow-release fertilizers. The so-called slow-release fertilizer refers to a slow release of nutrients, a longer release period, and a new type of fertilizer that can meet crop growth during the entire growth period of the crop. After many years of demonstration and promotion, slow and controlled release fertilizer has significant effects in terms of fertilizer production, production increase, and efficiency improvement. Compared with commonly used chemical fertilizers, slow-release fertilizers have an average yield increase of 10% and a maximum of 40%. The economic benefits have also been improved. The average income per mu is about 120 yuan, and the highest is 240 yuan.
The third is to increase the area of ​​water-soluble fertilizer application. Water soluble fertilizer is a multi-element compound fertilizer that can be completely dissolved in water. Compared with traditional superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, granulated compound fertilizers and other varieties, water soluble fertilizers are more easily absorbed by crops, achieve the same application of water and fertilizers, with water, fertilizer, water and fertilizer integration, to achieve the provincial water, fertilizer, labor Effect. Its effective absorption rate is more than 1 times that of ordinary chemical fertilizers, reaching 80%-90%. The utilization rate of fertilizers in the United States has increased dramatically in the 1960s. The reason lies in the widespread promotion of water-soluble fertilizers.
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