Apple early defoliation mainly includes two diseases of apple brown spot and apple spot deciduous disease, among which apple brown spot is the most common. Fruit disease not only causes early loss of leaves, but also seriously affects apple yield and quality, resulting in debilitating tree vigor, resulting in increasing rot of apple trees and great harm to apple production. Therefore, we must do a good job in prevention and control:
Completely remove fallen leaves
Apple brown spot pathogens mainly wintered on infected leaves, and the fallen leaves rotted and decomposed, and the bacteria died. Thorough removal of fallen leaves can significantly reduce the amount of orchard bacteria, reduce or delay the occurrence of diseases, is very important for the control of the growth period. The time for clearing the fallen leaves is from the time of deciduous to before germination. The method of clearing is the first step on the tree, the lower part of the tree, and the time of clearing, digging, ditching, or burning. Partial removal has a certain effect, a large area at the same time clear better.
Chemical control
It is very important to spray for the first time that brown spot pathogens overwinter on diseased leaves. As soon as there is rain from late May to early June, pathogens will spread to the near-ground leaves through rainwater backsplash. The spores will germinate and invade the interior, resulting in the lower canopy of the canopy. Onset, the diseased leaves of these initial infections became the basic pathogens of the epidemic in that year.
Spraying in the rainy season is the key point. Brown spot disease is an epidemic disease caused by wind and rain. If the rains occur from July to August, the incidence rate will increase significantly. Farmers should pay close attention to the rainfall from July to August on the basis of the first spraying, and spray pesticides in time to control the epidemic of germs. In general years, 7 to 8 months should be sprayed 2 to 4 times.
Improve the quality of spraying The quality of sprays has a great influence on the control effect. Fruit farmers should pay attention to three points when spraying: First, the amount of water per mu. The water consumption per mu for mature orchards should reach 200-300 kilograms, and the amount of water is too small to achieve good results. The second is thorough and uniform. Brown spot bacteria mainly invade from the back of the leaves. When spraying, attention should be paid to the uniform medicine on the back of the leaves. Only the front of the leaves is sprayed, and it is difficult to achieve the desired effect. The third is the degree of atomization. The higher the degree of liquid atomization, the better the control effect.
There are many types of effective agents for effective control of brown spot, 80% will be Md-120, 600-800 times the best, and 10% digoxibazole water dispersible granules or Emulsion 6000 Times, 25% true high microemulsion 10000 times, easy to protect 1000 ~ 1500 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1200 ~ 1500 times, 50% carbendazim 800 ~ 1000 times, can effectively prevent apple brown spot.
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