American Pali bell pepper has strong growth potential, compact plant type, smooth fruit surface and green color. Meat thickness 0.6?0, 7 cm, sweet and crisp, good quality, single fruit weight 100? 200 grams, the maximum fruit weight of 400 grams. Because of its large flesh, brightness is good. It is resistant to transportation and has become a hot commodity in Hong Kong and Guangdong markets. Pollution-free cultivation of American sweet pepper is a project with low investment, quick results, and large profits. From 1999 to 2007, the county had planted an area of ​​3,390 hectares. According to the survey, the yield per hectare was generally 30,000 to 37,500 kilograms, the high per hectare was 45,000 to 52,500 kilograms, and the average production value was 46,500 to 75,000 yuan per hectare.
First, nurture strong seedlings
The seedlings of sweet peppers entered the flower bud differentiation phase when they were developed from 2- to 3-leaf leaves. The flower buds that make up the sweet pepper yield are differentiated at the seedling stage. Therefore, it is the basis for the high yield and quality of sweet peppers to cultivate a well-developed root system with thick stems, leafy leaves, thick green color, full buds, and green young leaves. Must carefully grasp all aspects of nursery.
Sowing
(1) Sowing period: The planting period in low altitude (below 300 meters) area will be in mid-November. Middle and high altitude areas can be sowed continuously until March.
(2) Selection of seedlings: In winter, it is to prevent low-temperature cold currents, and the natural barrier is better on the north side of the site. Can make full use of solar energy, increase temperature and ground temperature. To form a good microclimate, the soil must choose good water permeability. Drainage and irrigation convenient land.
(3) soaking and germination: a, pharmaceutical disinfection and soaking. Soak the seed in cold water for 3 to 4 hours and then put 0.1% potassium permanganate solution in the soaking for 15 minutes. After washing, soak at the room temperature for 6 to 8 hours. Pick up and wrap it in a wet gauze and set the temperature to germination at a temperature of 25 to 30°C. 60% can be sown when exposed. b, warm hot disinfectant species. Soaking before drying sundial for 3-5 hours (not suitable for exposure in the sun), after soaking with warm water at 50-55 °C for 10 to 15 minutes. Continue stirring, and then soaking at room temperature for 6? 8 hours, germination method ibid.
(4) Seeding: The seedling bed shall be smashed and smashed on the surface soil, and a small amount of decomposed cows and pigs shall be applied. The planting of sweet peppers per acre requires a seedbed of 10 meters. Need to use 50% epidemic frost Mn-Zn, 50% carbendazim, 30% copper citrate, and 100 g of 30 kg sieved fine soil. / 3 species of medicine soil cover, top of rice straw soaked in water, cover a small arch shed film insulation moisture.
2. Seedling management
(1) Seeding to emergence: The temperature is controlled at 25 to 30°C during the day and 18 to 20°C at night, keeping the soil moist and preventing excessive drought and humidity. About 7-10 days after sowing, the whole seedling can be produced. Gradually withdraw straw when it emerges.
(2) Emergence to sub-seedling: When the first true leaf appears, the eye temperature controls 23 to 28R2. The night temperature is controlled at 16 to 19 degrees Celsius. At noon on sunny days, the brown film leaves seedlings with more sunlight, and in the evening it must be covered with cold weather. In case of 0 °C below the low temperature, double-layer film clips should be adopted in time to prevent heat damage, and 2-3 pieces of true leaves can be divided into seedlings.
(3) The seedlings are planted as seedlings: 8 cm (8 cm) and 8 cm nutrients (bags) are reserved per mu, 10-15 days before seedlings are mixed with nutritious soil, 75% of nutrient soil is fertile with paddy soil, and 15 is organic fertilizer. %, burning earth accounts for 10%, plus ternary compound fertilizer, superphosphate 3-4 kilograms each, plus 50% of epidemic frost manganese zinc, 50% carbendazim, 30% copper citrate each 300 grams of copper, Mix well and mix thoroughly, piled up to maturity, and separate the seedlings for a period of time, mastering the 2?3 true leaf fashion é’µ (bag) implants, and each cull (bag) false value of 1 seedling. Split seedlings should be removed from the diseased seedlings, weak seedlings and inferior seedlings.
Second, the whole planting planting
Before the selection, the tomato plant was not planted, and the soil was fertile. Drainage and irrigation are convenient, and the sandy loam or loam with good permeability and permeability. 50.75 kilograms of lime in front of the plow were used for soil disinfection. Mu Shi decomposed organic fertilizer 1500 kg, 50 kg of special fertilizer for vegetables. Kawada efficient bio-organic fertilizer 100 kg, superphosphate 25 kg, borax 1.5 kg, magnesium sulfate 1.s kg, zinc sulfate 1,5 kg as base fertilizer. Using a deep ditch sorghum, with a width of 85 cm, and a height of 30 cm, 48% of the pre-planting mu will be sprayed with 100-150 larvae of herbicide 100-150 g of water and 60 kg of water. Then the black mulch is applied. Seedlings of 6-8 leaves were planted in double lines with single plant spacing of 30 cm and 40 cm and 2000-2,500 acres. According to the test. Covering black mulch from February 25 to mid-May, with different soil layers within 15 centimeters, the average daily temperature increased by 4.2 to 4.5 degrees Celsius compared to the open ground. Due to the protective effect of the plastic film, the number of irrigation times decreased by 3 to 4 times, which reduced the temperature after planting. Reduce the adverse effects. Film width 1.2 meters, acres need about 10 kilograms, remove the film time as the ground temperature and plant growth, generally before and after the Mans (after the rainy season) is appropriate, timely soil fertilization after uncovering the film.
Third, fertilizer and water management
Apply fertilizer, after the first bud, per acre can be applied to compost human urine 500 kilograms plus three yuan compound fertilizer 10 kilograms of water pouring. According to the situation top dressing 1? 2 times. Re-applied fruit fertilizer, applying three yuan compound fertilizer per acre each time 10 kg, if necessary, add 10 kg of urea water pouring, 1 harvest per harvest 1 time. Keep the soil moist on the water pipe. Rainy season rainwater is abundant, drainage should be done to control the soil moisture content. If it is too dry, it can be used for furrow irrigation. The water depth is 2/3 of the height.
Fourth, plant adjustment
With the growth of the plants, lateral branches occurred one after another from bottom to top, and the lateral branches immediately collapsed at 3-4 cm. Practice has proved that if the leaves below the cotyledon and jing pepper are not yellowed, they will not be removed without wilting, and the side branches of Menjiaojiao to the germination of the pepper nodes should be removed. The shoots emerging from the 3rd and 4th layers will be considered as the condition of plant growth and fruiting. Snoring is an effective measure to increase production. It is advisable to take 8-15 fruits within the 4th layer. If the temperature is not high at the later stage, the plants grow vigorously, and the fruit branch of the 5th layer can set fruit. In general, after the 5th layer, the top of the heart should be picked up. Plant adjustments should be selected on a sunny day, and pests should be sprayed in time to prevent and control pests. In case of high temperatures, the fifth layer can retain some of the branches and leaves to prevent overcasting.
V. Pest control
In a reasonable rotation, do a good job in seeds, seedbed soil and surface disinfection, clean the garden, fitness cultivation, according to the occurrence of pests and diseases in time to the right medicine. The seedling stage mainly includes damping-off disease, blight, and pods. In the fruiting stage, there are mainly epidemics, bacterial wilt, bacterial leaf spot, virus disease, umbilical rot, aphids, Spodoptera litura, and tobacco budworm. Bacterial damping-off, blight, can choose to use green enjoy No. 1 3000 times or 70% Dixon 700 times or 72,2% Prec 400 times control: bacterial wilt can choose 72% of agricultural streptomycin 3000 Times of liquid or neophytin 3000 times or 30% of copper citrate 500 times or 77% can kill 500 times to control; bacterial leaf spot can use 72% of agricultural streptomycin 3000 times or 30 % Humic Acid Copper 500% solution or 77% kill 500 times solution or 1:1:240 Bordeaux solution: The disease can use 69% ank manganese 1000 times solution or 58% lemodome manganese zinc solution 500 times Liquid or 72% Kelu 700 times or 72.2% Prec 500x; prevention and treatment of viral diseases, based on the prevention of disease, can use 20% of the virus A500 times or 3.85% of the virus will be 500 times or 1.5% of the virus Phytosanitary 1000 times liquid plus 0.15? 0.3 mg/kg brassinolide control; umbilical rot in the fruit set with 1% superphosphate spray, sprayed again every 10 days; when the seedlings are ready, Spray with 40% phoxim 1000 times. Then sowing, seedling growth period occurs è¼è›„ can be used 5 kilograms of sauteed oatmeal or cereal, plus 0.15 kilograms of 90% trichlorfon plus appropriate amount of water to mix into bait trapping, per acre seedlings applied 1.5 to 2.5 kg bait: aphids With 10% I Bicinacloprid 1500 times liquid control: Spodoptera litura, tobacco budworm can choose 5% Rui Jinte 2000 times or 2.5% Kung Fu 1000 times or 10% Divide 1500 times or 25% diflubenzuron 1500 The liquid plus 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 1500 times liquid.
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