Viral diseases, as the name suggests, are plant diseases caused by plant viruses. Usually the symptoms appear on the young leaves, and some damage the fruits and stems. The harm of viral diseases is great, and it is difficult to prevent and control. Some agricultural friends have not studied theoretically or systematically, and they have no experience in prevention and treatment. Therefore, they only know that they do not know why. Therefore, prevention and control often have poor results. The content that Xiaobian brings to everyone today is the science about viral diseases.
Virus disease points, know a little!
Mosaic type
The mosaic virus disease is mostly a problem with nutrients. Either the nutrients are used by the virus or the vascular bundle necrosis caused by the virus, which hinders the transportation of nutrients. The chlorophyll formation of the leaves is hindered or accumulated, resulting in the appearance of mosaics, spots, ring spots and the like. In the production, there is a mosaic virus disease, which will form irregular green on the leaf surface. The leaves are shrunk, yellow-green, and the diseased leaves wrinkle and grow slowly.
Yellow type
The diseased leaves turn yellow. When the leaves are severe, the upper leaves of the plants turn yellow, forming yellow and green, and the plants are dwarfed with obvious leaves.
Necrotic
The plant or tissue may die due to an allergic reaction of the plant to the virus, and it becomes yellowish to brown, and sometimes a depression occurs. Necrotic spots, necrotic rings and vein necrosis often appear on the leaves. Necrotic strips and the like often appear on the surface of stems, fruits, and roots.
Malformation
Due to the disturbance of the normal metabolism of plants, the formation of auxin and other hormones in the body and the normal growth and development of the plants may cause organ deformation. For example, the stems are shortened, the plants are dwarfed, and the growth points are abnormally differentiated to form clumps or clusters. The local cell deformation of the leaves showed blistering, curling, fern leaves and yellowing.
Prevention and control
The first step: agricultural control
1 seedling treatment: soaking seeds with warm water before planting to reduce the poison of the disease. Avoid high temperature weather and high incidence of mites when planting.
2 Field hygiene: clean up weeds in time to reduce the carrying and accumulation of viruses in the field. At the same time avoid continuous cropping. For diseased fields and old fields, timely repair the soil and reduce the accumulation of disease sources. It is necessary to remove the diseased plants in time to avoid large-scale infection.
3 Fine farming: Some viral diseases will spread due to improper operation of farming operations. Therefore, when we plant, we should reasonably lay the distance and reduce the occurrence of wounds during operations such as grafting and snoring. Before the farming, the tools and other items should be disinfected.
4 pest control: Some crop virus diseases are transmitted by insect pests, and mainly aphids and whiteflies. Therefore, everyone must also do a good job in pest control at the seedling stage.
5 Grasp the timing: usually the high incidence of viral disease is in the early stage of seedling stage and growth. Therefore, we try our best to do our prevention and control work during this period to avoid the situation of reinstatement. At the same time, the virus pathogens like high temperature and dry weather, then in the hot and dry days, we must cool down in time, and pour small water.
The second step: chemical control
According to user feedback and statistics, 3% amino oligosaccharide is one of the best virus disease control agents currently used. The amino oligosaccharide has the dual biological regulation function of pharmacodynamics and fertilizer effect, which can induce the activation of the plant immune system and improve the antiviral ability of plants. At present, the current amino oligosaccharide pesticides have been well tested in a wide range of field experiments and indoor verification of watermelon wilt, cotton verticillium, tomato late blight, tobacco virus disease, cucumber powdery mildew, lettuce blight, pepper blight, etc. Control effect.
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