During the growth process, foliage plants may be harmed by pests and diseases. Affected plants not only affect growth, but also reduce or even lose their ornamental value. Therefore, the prevention and control of indoor foliage plant diseases and pests is very necessary. This is the basic skills that need to be grasped by the cut flower lovers, otherwise it will lose the foliage plant beautification. The true meaning of purifying the environment. There are many types of indoor foliage plant, but for each unit or family, the number of applications is not much, and management is more detailed. If pests and diseases do not easily spread to other plants, they often develop faster on the affected plants. Therefore, the prevention and control methods for pests and diseases of such plants mainly include prevention, comprehensive prevention and control, strengthening of tending management, creation of a good plant ecological environment, promotion of plant fertility, and improvement of its own stress resistance and other effective cultivation measures. All interior foliage plants should undergo a rigorous inspection before entering the room layout. Use resistant varieties or healthy plants with good adaptability, and arrange them in a reasonable manner. If there are any slight diseased leaves or a small amount of aphids, mites, aphids The damage should be promptly handled by physical methods, such as manual trimming, removal of diseased leaves, or washing with soapy water, followed by rinsing with water or wiping with a soft, damp cloth; bamboo sticks can also be used to gently scrape the locusts; Serious damage is removed from the room. Indoor foliage plants should not be treated with pesticides in the room because insecticides are generally toxic substances. If such toxic substances are allowed to persist or bring people into the indoor air circulation system, it will lead to many adverse consequences. Indoor foliage plants, as an ornament, tend to attract people to view their various aspects. For example, if someone smells, someone will touch their branches and leaves. In order to maintain a good relationship with the public, interior decoration plants should be protected against pests and diseases without using pesticides. If some plants are infested with pests and diseases and cannot be effectively controlled by physical methods, they must be moved outside to be isolated from indoor healthy plants. For other treatments, such as chemical control, or destruction. Plants in human rooms must be regularly inspected, treated and controlled in a timely manner. This can reduce the degree of plant damage, prevent problems before they occur, and often maintain indoor cleanliness, ventilation and light transmission, which can keep the foliage plants green, fresh and high Ornamental value. 1. Physical control methods The following lists some of the common pests and diseases of the foliage plants, and put forward recommendations for indoor physical control methods: (1) Locust: is a small and soft common insects, often harm Begonia, ivy, blood leeks, five plus The tops and leaves of families and other plants. When preventing and controlling, flush the leaves with water or soapy water, or remove the affected part. (2) Apes: The main damage is the leaves of plants such as monstera, alder, mangosteen, rubber tree, and hanging bamboo plum, which spread from the lower leaf to the upper part and sucks up nutrients from the shoots and leaves to discolor the leaves. Water can be sprayed from leaves and rinsed during the control. Serious damage should be removed immediately. (3) Locust: Often damages the leaves and leaves of leafy plants, bamboo shoots, dragon's blood trees, and pineapple plants. It often clusters on branches and leaves to draw nutrients. High-temperature, high-humidity, poorly ventilated and light-transmissive environment: It is a suitable condition for the growth of aphids. Therefore, we must pay attention to the enhancement of ventilation and light transmission to improve the indoor conditions:. Since the locust itself has a small scope of spread, it is the most effective prevention and control measure to do a good job of quarantine inspection without using insect-imposed materials. If locusts have already occurred. Bamboo sticks can be used to scrape the locust or cut the affected part. (4) Hummer: Damaged leaves such as Begonia, Hyacinthus, and Poinsettia. They often damage the petiole and veins and climb on the leaves to absorb nutrients. Resulting loss of vitality of leaf loss. If a few plants are killed, they can be wiped with alcohol or washed with soapy water. (5) Anthrax disease: Harmful wind pears, dragon blood trees, altered wood, pepper grass, rubber trees, blue orchids and so on. Invades the leaves, causing black spots on the leaves. Prevention and control of the disease is mainly to strengthen management, to maintain a good light ventilation, when watering to avoid the top pouring, should be watered from the edge of the basin, if the victim leaves, should be promptly cut disease leaves. (6) Rust: damage to the leaves of Rosaceae plants and orchids. In the early stage, orange-red spots appeared on the leaves, and brown spores appeared on the back of the leaves. Control methods: Disinfect the culture medium in advance, strengthen environmental management, maintain ventilation and light transmission, and remove diseased leaves if necessary. (7) Brown spot: Injury the dragon's blood, monstera, palm leaves. At the beginning of the damage, brown spots appeared on the foliage, and turned grey later. Slowly dry and die. Control methods: artificially trimmed diseased leaves, dead branches, and concentrated burns. (8) Soft rot: Harmful to the bulbous and reticulate grass leaves. In the initial stage, there were spots of water-soaked foliage and petioles, which then drooped and lost their ornamental value. Prevention and treatment should be carefully managed to avoid watering the foliage and cutting off the damaged foliage. (9) Powdery mildew: Injuries to the leaves of Asteraceae and Rosaceae. During the prevention and treatment, attention should be paid to strengthening management, maintaining good indoor ventilation and light transmission conditions, and cutting off diseased leaves. 2. Chemical control methods If the above-mentioned physical control methods fail to work, the plants should be moved outside and then chemically controlled. Common methods are: (1) Foliar spraying pesticides: pesticides can be divided into different types according to their different insecticidal mechanisms. Absorption type, contact type and protection and treatment type. In the absorption type, insecticides include omethoate, etc., which mainly control aphids, cockroaches, roundworms, etc.; fungicides are carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, etc.; leaf spot, anthrax, and brown spots on plants. Disease, rust, etc. are effective. Contact killing insecticides include dichlorvos, chrysanthemum, etc. They kill larvae, aphids, newly hatched worms, etc. of chewing mouthparts. Protection and treatment of pesticides is mainly to form a layer of film on the surface of plants, thus protecting the treatment or kill the role of pests, such as lime sulfur, sulfur rubber suspension, polymer film. (2) Soil application pesticides: The active ingredients of such pesticides can be absorbed by the roots of the plants and transmitted to all parts of the whole plant to kill leaf-painted pests, or to directly kill pests in the soil, such as formaldehyde and other drugs.
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