Spring cricket: The warm winter last year created a more favorable environment for the outbreak of locusts in this spring wheat field. Do not underestimate the danger of spring crickets. They will induce multiple viral diseases in wheat. There are many natural enemies in the natural world, and they can make full use of their control over wheat bran. Biological control can be sprayed with imidacloprid at the same time.
Red spider: Affected by the warm winter last year and the drought, the temperature rose rapidly in the early spring of this year, and there was no effective rainfall. The overwintering red spider eggs hatched in large numbers and the density of insects in the field increased. Optional 15% garam or 1.8% avermectin sprayed evenly on a sunny, windless afternoon 2-4 pm.
Mosaic virus disease: Plants do not show symptoms before winter, and are easily found until the return to the green period. Production should be based on physical control: 1. Selection of disease-resistant varieties, 2. Delayed sowing, 3. Postponed spring irrigation time. At present, no specific pesticides can be used for symptomatic treatment. When the temperature rises to 20°C, pathogenic bacteria can be controlled.
Sheath blight: Symptoms are mainly manifested in the leaf sheaths and culms of wheat, and symptoms are gradually evident after the jointing stage. If continuous rain falls in early April this year, it will cause a large area of ​​the disease. Production should adopt integrated measures of biological prevention and control combined with chemical prevention and control: 1. Selection of disease-resistant and disease-resistant varieties; 2. Timely sowing to reduce the amount of sowing; 3. Application of organic fertilizer to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer; 4 Remove weeds in the field and drain them in time after rain; 5. Use enemy seed dressing before planting, and use 12.5% ​​diniconazole and 5% Jinggangmycin respectively during the winter and returning seasons.
Fusarium head blight: There is a high incidence of wheat scab in low-lying areas, poor drainage, sticky soil, partial nitrogen fertilization, high planting densities, and closed fields. Control methods: 1. Selection of resistant (resistant) disease varieties. Up to now, no immune or high-resistance varieties have been found in production, but there are some disease-resistant varieties with relatively good agronomic traits. 2. Reasonable irrigation and drainage, wetlands should be drained. 3. After the harvest, we must plough the stubble and reduce the bacterium. 4 timely sowing, avoid raining during the flowering period. 5. Advocate the application of enzyme composted compost, use formula fertilization technology, rational fertilization, reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application, and increase plant resistance to disease. 6. Wheat flowering period prevents ear rot. In the early stage of wheat spike initiation, 25% cyanocinate suspension or 40% fenozole prochloraz aqueous emulsion was sprayed. According to weather conditions, variety characteristics and growth period, spray the second medicine about 7 days in the morning and evening, pay attention to alternate rotation of medication.
Nematode disease: In recent years, the occurrence of nematodes in wheat fields in all parts of the province is mainly root knot nematode disease and cyst nematode disease, wheat cyst nematode. Year-round or three-year rotation or fallow with wheat and other cereal crops is the most effective method of control. In order to prevent the occurrence of the disease, the disease resistance and rhizosphere microecological environment can be enhanced by selecting the resistant (resistant) varieties, suitable late sowing in spring wheat area, balanced fertilization, and adjusting the soil pH value, so that it is not conducive to nematodes Growth and parasitism. Use a driving agent to remove the nematode.
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