Beef cattle are mainly based on roughage, but roughage can not meet their nutritional needs, need to feed concentrate feed. The comprehensive nutrition of concentrate feed directly affects the growth and development of beef cattle, and scientific formula should be paid attention to when preparing beef cattle concentrate feed.
Concentrates include energy feeds, protein feeds, mineral feeds, trace (constant) elements, and vitamins. Energy feed is mainly corn, sorghum, barley, etc., accounting for about 60%-70% of concentrate feed. Protein feeds mainly include soybean cakes, cottonseed cakes, and peanut cakes, which account for about 20%-25% of concentrated feed. The fat-producing beef cattle protein feed in cotton-producing areas should be dominated by cottonseed cakes (clams) to reduce feed costs. Yak feed, young cattle fattening can add 5% -10% bean cake (粕). Cottonseed cakes produced by small workshops cannot be fed to cattle to prevent gossypol poisoning. The maximum daily feed amount of cottonseed cake (bread), bean cake (bread) and peanut cake should not exceed 3 kg.
Mineral feeds include bone meal, salt, baking soda, trace (constant) elements, and vitamin supplements, which typically account for 3% to 5% of concentrate feed. The amount of young cattle fattening bone meal accounts for about 2% of the amount of refined feed, and shelf cattle fattening accounts for 0.5%-1%. Winter, spring and autumn diets accounted for 0.5% to 0.8% of concentrate feed, and summer feeds accounted for 1% to 1.2% of concentrate feed. When using distillers grains as the main roughage, baking soda should be added, and the amount added should be 1% of the amount of concentrated feed. When other roughage feeds cattle, 0.3%-0.5% of the amount of concentrated feed can be added in summer.
Trace (constant) elements and vitamin additives are generally not prepared by themselves. They need to be purchased from a regular manufacturer. They should be used within the specified period according to the instructions. It is forbidden to use “three nos†products.
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