In silage, adding suitable additives can not only improve the success rate of silage, but also make up for the quality of silage. Here are some common additives and their addition methods.
1 Ammonia and urea
Ammonia and urea are an earlier type of additive for silage and are suitable for silage corn, sorghum and other cereals. After adding, it can increase the protamine content of green feed and inhibit the growth of aerobic microorganisms without adversely affecting appetite and digestive function of ruminant livestock. The amount of urea when silage is generally 0.3% -0.5%.
2 Formic acid
Formic acid is a very good organic acid protector, which can inhibit the activity of Bacillus and Gram-positive bacteria and reduce feed nutrient loss. Tests have shown that it can save about 70% of the sugar in silage and reduce the loss of crude protein to 0.3%-0.5%. Silage made from 1%-2% formic acid has a bright green color and rich aroma. With its feeding cows and calves, daily gain can be significantly increased.
3 Diluted sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid
Adding a mixture of these two acids can rapidly kill the bacteria in the silage, reduce the pH of the silage, and make the silage softer, which is beneficial to the digestion and absorption of livestock. In addition, the silage can be quickly submerged, easy compaction, increase the storage, so that silage quickly stop breathing, thereby increasing the success rate of silage. The method is as follows: using 30% hydrochloric acid 92 parts and 40% sulfuric acid 8 parts to prepare a stock solution. When using, the stock solution is diluted 4 times with water, and 50 kg-60 kg of diluted liquid is added per ton of raw materials.
4 Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde can inhibit the activities of various microorganisms in the silage process. After the addition of formaldehyde to the silage, there is basically no activity of spoilage bacteria in the fermentation process, and the ammonia nitrogen and total lactic acid in the silage are significantly reduced, and the digestibility of the feed is higher. The general amount of formaldehyde is 0.7%. It is better to add formic acid and formaldehyde (1.5% formic acid and 1.5%-2% formaldehyde) at the same time. With this method silage young plants with the most water content of the best stems and leaves.
5 Salt
Silage raw materials have low moisture content, coarse texture, and difficult cells to seep out. Adding salt can promote the exudation of cell fluids, which is beneficial to the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria. Adding salt can also destroy certain toxins and increase feed palatability. The addition amount is 0.3%-0.5%.
6 live dried bacteria
Micro-storage of straw with live dry bacteria is a new micro-storage method that is being promoted in China in recent years. The addition of live dried bacteria to treat straw can liquefy the lignin and fiber in the straw to make the straw soft, reduce the pH value, inhibit the activity of harmful bacteria, increase the content of sugar and organic acid, and increase the digestibility. The dosage is 3g of live dried bacteria per ton of straw. Before treatment, first 3g of live dried bacteria into 2kg of water to fully dissolve, place at room temperature for 1h-2h resurrection, and then pour it into 0.8% -1% of salt water and mix well, microbiological spray evenly to the straw on. Later, it will be treated as usual.
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