Acinetobacter gray mold occurs, first in the leaves to produce white to gray spots, and then expand into an oval or spindle-shaped, late lesions often connect with each other into a large dead and dead spots, so that half of the leaves or dead. When the humidity is high, the surface of the diseased area is covered with brown-brown mildew. The diseased leaves are often accompanied by musty taste and the quality is reduced. In the course of storage and transportation of some leeks, the diseased leaves are completely rotted and rotted, resulting in the appearance of gray mold.
Low temperature, high humidity, and lack of light are the main factors causing the spread of gray mold. The temperature is between 15°C and 21°C, and the relative humidity of the air is above 85%. The disease is easy to spread. The temperature in the shed will rise and fall continuously for several days, which will reduce the resistance of the leeks and cause illness. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer deficiency, nutrition inconvenient leek field is prone to disease. Long-term continuous cropping is conducive to the accumulation of germs and the incidence is serious.
The following comprehensive measures can be taken to prevent and cure cold weather shed gray mold.
1. Increase the manure fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the application of nitrogen fertilizer, coupled with the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. 5000 kg of organic fertilizer per hectare of base fertilizer, 15-20 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20-25 kg of potassium sulfate or 50 kg of plant ash can prevent the occurrence of gray mold, and strive for high yield.
2. Temperature and humidity control According to weather changes, open some of the greenhouse film at noon to reduce the temperature and humidity, so that the maximum temperature within the shed does not exceed 25 °C, day and night temperature difference does not exceed 10 °C, relative humidity controlled at 70% or less. An apron should be added to the bottom of the booth and it is forbidden to vent from the bottom. Shallow cultivating soil 2 to 3 times after each harvest to reduce the humidity in the shed.
3. Cleaning up old leaves When harvesting leeks every time, we must take all the excised parts out of the shed, and then clean up the tying, so that the diseased leaves and old leaves that are cleaned up must be buried deep.
4. Insulation antifreeze Botrytis cinerea is easily invaded by wounds. When the temperature is lower than 0°C, after the leaves of leeks produce frostbite, it is easy to cause gray mold. The temperature of the shed is close to 0°C. A small arch shed should be added to the saggers to increase the temperature by 3 to 5°C to prevent freezing damage and reduce the occurrence of gray mold.
5. Drug control Spray prevention after each harvest. Can use 50% procymidone WP 1200 times, or 50% iprodione WP 1000 times, or 50% carbendazim WP 600 times, every 7 to 10 days, once Spray 2 or 3 times. In the early stage of disease, smoke can be smoked with 10% procymidone smoke agent or 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent, 250-300 grams of smoke agent per acre, 8 to 10 points, and 3 to 4 hours of smoke. The control effect is obvious.
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