Ensure the tightness of the shed and reduce temperature leakage
The front face of the shed is a key area for temperature leakage. Because the front face cover is easily eroded by the moisture on the ground and the overflow of moisture after the shed film is damaged, the cover ages too fast and it is easy to freeze in winter, which makes the front face insulation Sexual decrease. Vegetable growers can use double-layer coverage, that is, the inner layer is covered with a film, and then old straw curtains, non-woven fabrics and other coverings are added to the film. The width should be greater than the height of the front face, and it should be kept 20 cm on the ground. When vegetable growers enter the shed, cold wind will be brought in, which instantly reduces the temperature near the entrance, which is not good for vegetable growth. It is recommended that vegetable growers set up a small compartment of 3 to 5 meters at the entrance of the shed to isolate the cold wind. Under the air outlet, due to the daily ventilation needs, the vegetables under the air outlet are easily harmed by cold wind. A windshield film is installed at the lower air outlet to buffer the cold wind.
Film insulation in the shed
For newly planted vegetables, the method of arching and covering can be used for heat preservation. When using a longer arch shed, use a film to set up compartments at regular intervals (such as 50 meters) to achieve better heat preservation effect. For vegetables in the fruiting period, one layer and two films can be added to the steel wire, or the number of film layers can be set according to actual needs. When choosing a film, it is required to have a certain anti-fog droplet performance to ensure heat preservation while minimizing the impact on light.
Pay attention to the weather forecast in time, and store the room temperature 2 to 3 days before the cold wave. Pull the heat preservation quilt or grass thatch early and cover late to increase the light time to ensure the storage temperature of the wall and the ground, and release it at night. After repeating this for 2 to 3 days, it can effectively increase the temperature of the shed and buffer the cold wave on the vegetables in the shed. harm.
Use additional measures to warm up
After the greenhouse heating block is ignited, there is no or less smoke, which is harmless to the growth of vegetables, but will increase the carbon dioxide in the greenhouse and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the next day. When in use, the burning block should keep a certain safe distance from the vegetables to avoid high temperature burns. Of course, it can also be used to burn solid alcohol or other combustibles to minimize open flames and smoke to ensure the safety of vegetables and people. For seedling farms, seedlings have poor resistance to stress, and winter shed insulation is essential. Large-scale equipment, such as semiconductor electric boilers, carbon fiber heating panels, and air conditioners, are commonly used to heat them in advance to prevent low temperature hazards. When using, the start and stop temperature should be set in advance, be careful not to ignore the residual temperature, and avoid excessively high temperature in the shed and excessively long seedlings.
Raise ground temperature
Suitable ground temperature, using the growth and development of vegetable roots, can guarantee the absorption and supply of nutrients to the maximum. Bury the crushed straw under the planting row, and spray the microbial inoculants at ordinary times to accelerate its decomposing, which can release a certain amount of heat during the decomposing process; or directly bury the straw under the planting row without crushing, so the decomposing speed is slow. Using a straw reactor of 20 cm can raise the ground temperature by 4~6℃ and the temperature by 2~3℃.
Integrated management
Shed room reinforcement. Check and repair the framework of the greenhouse in time. The sheds with poor snow pressure resistance should be reinforced with columns as soon as possible. The rear roof of the soil-wall solar greenhouse should be covered with a film to prevent the wall from being damaged by the snow water.
Increase light. Before it rains and snows, it is necessary to clean up the droplets and dust on the canopy film in time to ensure the transparency of the canopy film, clean the old diseased leaves, increase the scattered light between the plants, use plant growth lights, LED lights, iodine tungsten lights, sodium lights if necessary Wait for fill light.
Fertilize moderately. Before the cold wave and rain and snow, it is necessary to increase the organic fertilizer, moderately increase the magnesium, zinc, boron and other medium and trace element fertilizers, and spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 2 to 3 times on the leaf surface to improve the stress resistance of the plant Sex.
Control watering. Watering is strictly prohibited during the low temperature period before the rain and snow weather, so as not to lower the ground temperature and aggravate cold and freezing damage.
Reduce pruning. Avoid infection of plant wounds in low temperature and high humidity environments.
Cold exercise. In the 1-2 days before the arrival of cold wave and rain and snow, moderate plant low temperature exercise management is carried out. During the day and night, the temperature drops by about 2°C compared with normal management, which can reduce physiological obstacles such as flower and fruit drop caused by sudden temperature drop.
Prevent disease. Before cold waves, rain and snow, choose fine weather to spray the vegetables to prevent the occurrence of diseases. It is advisable to use aerosol and dust methods to control pests and diseases.
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