1. Adjust diet formula to ensure proper nutrition
The specific approach is: (1) A boar raises 2 chickens per head per day on the basis of the original diet. Conditionally feed the appropriate amount of green feed or use 2% to 5% of fat (which produces less calories due to fat digestion) to replace the equivalent amount of carbohydrate to relieve the adverse effects of high temperature stress on the pig. (2) Daily sows with high nutrient levels (CP ≥ 16%, DE ≥ 13.39 MJ/kg), 2.5 kg to 3.2 kg of prenatal 4 weeks, and more than 4.5 kg of lactation during the lactating period are necessary. (3) Weaned sows or gilts 2 to 3 weeks prior to breeding are fed high-nutrient diets and feeding materials for a short period of time to promote ovulation, restore sows' long-lasting eggs, and provide nutrition for the development of embryos for breeding. The amount of feed can be guaranteed to be 2.2 to 2.5 kg. (4) After mating, sows with low energy and low protein diet (CP ≤ 14.5%, DE ≤ 12.97MJ/kg), the daily feeding amount is reduced to 1.5 ~ 2.0kg. From the 4th week after the breeding to the 4th week before the start of sows, diets with moderately low nutrient levels (CP ≤ 14.55, DE ≤ 13.8 MJ/kg) can be fed daily at 1.8 to 2.2 kg.
2. Ensure sufficient and cool drinking water and inhibit the rise of pig's body temperature
Tests have shown that the pig’s drinking water increases with increasing ambient temperature. When the temperature is 7°C～22°C, the ratio of drinking water to dry matter intake for feed is 2.1 to 2.7:1; when the temperature rises to 30°C to 33°C , The amount of drinking water and feed dry matter ratio increased to 2.8 to 5.0:1. This shows that drinking water is absolutely necessary for pigs' health and reproduction under high temperature conditions. Adequate clean water (water temperature is controlled within 10°C～12°C) is sufficient to ensure adequate (water in the drinking fountains), which is conducive to cooling of the pig body and can stimulate the intake of feed and increase feed intake.
3. Change feeding, sporting and breeding time, make full use of boar effect to overcome sow summer infertility
In the hot season, pig farms should change the feeding time of the pigs, breakfast should be early, can be around 6 o'clock; dinner is late, should be around 19 o'clock; lunch can be avoided at noon to feed, in order to make full use of the weather when cool Pigs have good appetite and feed intake. The wet mix can be moister and fed with green feed to improve palatability and feed intake. For boars, reasonable exercise is an essential means to improve health and breeding ability, and should be persistent in the hot season. However, it should be changed with the change of feeding time, that is, every day after the early feeding and before the late feeding for 0.5 to 1 hour drive. The two times of breeding or harvesting can also be arranged about 0.5 hours after the exercise in the afternoon and the afternoon, so as long as possible to allow the breeding boar to rest at noon. On the other hand, the most direct effect of high temperatures on breeding pigs is reduced libido and delayed estrus.
During the summer high temperature period, the boar effect (the effect of boar stimulation on sow reproductive performance) can be fully utilized to compensate for the negative effects of high temperature on the reduction of sexual desire. As if the male sow was kept in contact with the barn, the boars were rushed to the gild sire for mating; the boar was driven through the sidewalk in the sow house, and the boar was scented, listened and looked at by the boar. In particular, the unique “pecking†sound of boars, along with the pheromone produced, promotes estrus in sows. A conditional pig farm can play boar call recordings in the pighouse every morning and supplement the smell of boars (urine and semen) to increase sows’ libido, promote estrus, and increase fecundity. In spite of this, the ambient temperature is also an important factor that affects the health level and breeding performance of the breeding pigs. Only when the ambient temperature is controlled within the most suitable temperature range (with species between 12°C and 15°C, about 18°C ​​during pregnancy, and about 15°C during the lactation period) can the above technical measures be guaranteed to function optimally.
4. Take cooling measures to maintain pig reproductive performance
For factory farms, the simplest method is a homemade spray drip system. When extremely high temperatures (above 40°C) are encountered, emergency measures should be taken, such as spraying the pig body with a hose or water bath or watering the roof. Conditional farms can purchase a power sprayer to cool the ground, roof, and body of the pigs 3 to 4 times a day (do not use cold water to suddenly spray the head of the pig). Artificially washing the boar testicles is also an effective means to reduce the impact of high temperatures on boar reproduction. It is worth noting that in the implementation of cooling and cooling at the same time, the insulation design of piggery, shading, prevent water tanks and pipes from direct sunlight are indispensable technical means.
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