Release date: 2014-09-16
On September 12, the research team of the Japan Institute of Physical and Chemical Research and the Center for Advanced Medical Center announced that they made retinal cells using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) that can develop into a variety of cells, and transplanted to more than 70 on the same day. The right eye of a female patient with exudative age-related macular degeneration. This is the world's first transplant operation using iPS cells.
iPS cells are stem cells transformed by somatic cells treated with an inducing factor. They function similarly to embryonic stem cells and can develop into various tissues and organs.
The operation is part of a clinical study conducted by Takahashi Kazuyoshi, a researcher at the Japan Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, and is expected to be implemented for six patients. The research team first collected cells from the skin of the above-mentioned female patients and implanted the necessary genes. After treatment with the inducing factors, the cells were made into ips cells, which were then cultured into retinal pigment epithelial cells and made into cell layers for transplantation.
The operation was carried out at the cutting-edge medical center hospital in Kobe City. The surgeon first removed abnormal blood vessels and damaged tissue from the patient's retina and then transplanted a 1.3 mm long, 3 mm wide cell layer. The entire procedure lasted about two hours. If the patient returns to normal, she is expected to be discharged after about 1 week, and it will take about 1 year to assess the safety and efficacy of the procedure.
Age-related macular degeneration is caused by the degeneration of the macular area in the retina. The early symptoms are visual loss, and in the late stage, dark spots appear in the center of the visual field. The blurred vision is blurred. In severe cases, it is blind. There are abnormal blood vessels in the retina of patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration. There are about 700,000 patients in this country in Japan.
The female patient who underwent the operation has been treated with drug injection for the past 3 years, but the symptoms have gradually deteriorated, and the center of vision of the right eye has been inaccessible, and the corrected visual acuity is less than 0.1. Whether this surgery will eventually lead to cancer in the patient's area will determine whether or not to continue using iPS cells for regenerative care. It would be a great improvement if the patient can maintain eye function without the need to inject drugs after undergoing this procedure.
On July 19 last year, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare officially approved the use of iPS cells for retinal regenerative medical research. This is the first time that iPS cells have been approved by the government for clinical trials.
Source: Health
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