Don't like the look of roses on your balcony or in the yard? It doesn't matter, an upcoming "gene spray" - agricultural RNA (ribonucleic acid) spray, also known as "genetic pesticide", can change the color of roses through gene silencing technology, bringing you different surprises.
The recently published "Nature·Plant" magazine published this new technology developed by the University of Queensland, Australia. By closely binding RNAi (RNA interference) molecules to clay nanoparticles, RNAi stays on the foliage of plants for a long time, thus the first RNAi. The duration of action of the silent gene was extended to more than 20 days.
Farmers' friends can use this kind of gene silencing spray to increase crop yield, increase nutrients, enhance drought resistance and induce precocity. David Baulkum, who has long studied gene silencing technology at the University of Cambridge in the United Kingdom, said that the new spray does not change the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which can make the plant's "appearance characteristics" look new, unlike the genetically modified or traditional breeding techniques. After several years of research and development, it can be put into use very quickly.
RNAi, also known as post-transcriptional gene silencing, is a biological process that uses RNA molecules to inhibit gene expression. By injecting RNAi that matches viral RNA sequences, RNAi technology prevents the virus from replicating within the cell, thereby silencing the gene.
"Genetic pesticide" anti-virus can last up to 20 days
Gene silencing technology utilizes a purely natural defense system. When the virus invades the cell, the cell cuts the viral RNA into a number of short fragments that recognize and bind to the matched RNA sequence within the cell. By injecting RNAi that matches viral RNA sequences, RNAi technology prevents the virus from replicating within the cell, thereby silencing the gene. In the medical field, RNAi drugs have not yet made a leap forward, mainly because these RNAs injected into the blood are rapidly degraded and lose their activity.
However, RNAi technology has achieved good results in plant pest control. Studies have found that by spraying small-stranded double-stranded RNAs that match specific gene sequences, specific genes in certain pests and plants can be shut down. Monsanto recently said that its RNAi insecticide spray targeting mites has entered the final stage of research and development, but one of the major challenges has never been overcome: the RNA in the spray is easily decomposed, and the insect resistance in plants can only be maintained. In the daytime, multiple spraying will increase farmers' costs.
The new technology spray can make tobacco plants maintain anti-virus ability for up to 20 days, creating an unprecedented record. Xu Zhiping, a core member of the research team, explained in an interview with the Science and Technology Daily that he and his colleague Nina Mitt used a common compound such as magnesium chloride to prepare laminated and positively charged clay nanoparticles, which were combined with negatively charged RNA and provided. protection. Moist clay particles react with and decompose with carbon dioxide in the air, releasing RNA slowly for long-lasting effects.
In addition, new sprays may be suitable for a variety of plants, and even to change the traits of the plant's color and appearance (currently this technology has not shown these applications). John Gilmo, founder of biotechnology company Apse, is very excited about the results of this study. He believes that in addition to controlling pests and diseases, new sprays will open up a variety of plant "modification" trends.
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