Seedlings prevent "three harms" in summer

First, the phytotoxicity vegetable seedlings are small and tender, with poor drug resistance. In the application of pesticides, if the method is improper, it is easy to produce phytotoxicity. There are three main reasons for the occurrence of phytotoxicity: one is improper selection of pesticides, the second is improper spraying time, and the third is excessive usage. In order to prevent seedlings from producing phytotoxicity, it is necessary to prescribe the right medicine according to different pests and diseases, the concentration should be appropriate, the preparation should be uniform, the spray mist should be fine and uniform, and it should not be focused on the local site for a long time, and there should be water droplets on the leaves. can. If it is found that the spraying concentration is too high, clean water should be sprayed immediately to avoid phytotoxicity. The spraying time should be carried out after ventilation in the morning for 1 to 2 hours. It is forbidden to spray the medicine when it is in the sunny shelter. Second, fertilizer harm is due to improper preparation of nutritious soil such as adding excessive nitrogen fertilizer or organic fertilizer is not fully cooked. In addition, high fertilizer concentrations in the top dressing can also cause fertilizer damage. After the occurrence of fertilizer damage, the seedlings will appear fallen leaves, rot and other phenomena. In order to prevent the occurrence of fertilizer damage, nutrient soils should be reasonably prepared, organic fertilizers should be applied well, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potash should be used in a reasonable manner. The concentration of fertilizer solution should be appropriate when dressing fertilizers outside the roots. Top dressing should be carried out on a sunny morning after 1 to 2 hours of ventilation. Once the fertilizer is damaged, spray water immediately and ventilate and dehumidify. Third, grass damage due to the warm and moist environment of the seedbed, fertile bed soil, seedbeds easy to grow weeds. To prevent weeds from harming, we must first strictly build nutritious soil and kill the weed seeds during the composting process. Manual weeding can occur when weeds occur.

Urine Analyzer

Urine analyzer is an automated instrument for determining certain chemical components in urine. It is an important tool for automated urine inspection in medical laboratories. This instrument has the advantages of simple and fast operation. However, improper use of urine analyzers and many intermediate links and influencing factors directly affect the accuracy of automated analysis results, which will not only cause errors in experimental results, but even delay diagnosis. Therefore, operators are required to understand the principles, performance and precautions of automated instruments. And the knowledge of influencing factors and other aspects are fully understood, and the correct use of automated instruments can make the results obtained by the urine analyzer more reliable and accurate.
application
In the 1950s, a single dry chemical test strip method was used to measure protein and glucose in urine, and the changes in the color of the test strip were observed with the naked eye and compared with the standard plate to obtain the corresponding values. In the 1980s, due to the high development and widespread use of computer technology, automated urine analyzers also developed rapidly, gradually developing from semi-automatic to fully-automated. Urine analyzers are often divided into two categories according to the test items: â‘  8-11 screening combined urine test strips mainly used for newly diagnosed patients and health examinations. The eight test items included protein, glucose, PH, ketone bodies, bilirubin, urobilinogen, red blood cells (occult blood) and nitrite; in addition to the above eight tests, urine leukocyte test was added to the nine test items. On the basis of 9 of the 10 urine analyzer testing items, the urine specific density test was added. 11 testing items have added vitamin C testing. â‘¡It is mainly used for the observation of the curative effect of the diagnosed diseases, such as the combination test strip of PH, protein and occult blood (red blood cells) for kidney disease; the combination test strip of PH, sugar and ketone body for diabetes; the combination of bilirubin and urobilinogen for liver disease test tape.
principle
This type of instrument is generally controlled by a microcomputer, and the color change on the test strip is measured semi-quantitatively by using a spherical integrator to receive dual-wavelength reflected light. There are several reagent pads containing various reagents on the reagent strip, each of which reacts independently with the corresponding components in the urine, and displays different colors. The depth of the color is proportional to a certain component in the urine, and there is another in the reagent strip" Compensation pad", as the urine background color, compensates for the errors caused by colored urine and instrument changes.
Put the reagent strip with urine adsorbed in the colorimetric tank of the instrument, and the various reagent pads that have produced chemical reactions on the reagent strip are illuminated by the light source, and the reflected light is received by the spherical analyzer, and the photocell of the spherical analyzer is reflected. Irradiate with dual-wavelength light (measurement light passing through the filter and a reference light), and the selection of each wavelength is determined by the detection item.
The instrument automatically calculates the reflectance according to the following formula, and then compares it with the standard curve, and automatically finds and prints the corresponding results of various components. If the content of a certain component in the urine is high, the reflected light of the corresponding reagent pad is dark, otherwise it is strong.
Reflectance fraction: R(%)=Tm.Cs/TsCm×100%
In the formula, R(%) is the reflectivity; Tm is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the measurement wavelength; Ts is the reflection intensity of the reagent pad to the reference wavelength; Cm is the reflection intensity of the calibration pad to the measurement defect length; Cs is the calibration pair. Reflection intensity at the reference wavelength.

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