Planting area is expanding
In terms of potato planting areas, our province is distributed from south to north, but large-scale planting is mainly concentrated in Luzhou, Fuyang, Suzhou, Bengbu, Luzhou and Lu'an. In recent years, the province's potato planting area has been increasing year by year. In 2016, the Provincial Agriculture Commission arranged 5 rice field potato demonstration counties. In 2017, the Provincial Agriculture Commission expanded the rice field potato demonstration areas to Dingyuan, Feidong, Huaiyuan, and Shucheng. , Tongcheng, Langxi and other 6 cities and counties, including core demonstration films of potato cultivation models in Dingyuan, Shucheng and Huaiyuan, establishment of cultivation model radiation promotion areas in Tongcheng, Feidong, Langxi, demonstration and promotion of early spring potatoes in plant nursery greenhouses Full-scale mechanized cultivation technology, winter film-covered potato potato film-covered cultivation, full-scale mechanized technology, and winter straw-field potato straw-covered cultivation green light simplified cultivation technology.
Director Liao Huajun of the Detoxified Potato Research Center of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences told reporters that there are more winter idle fields in the main rice production areas of our province, and the rainfall is suitable. Natural rainfall just meets the needs of potato growth. At the same time, the amount of water is small, which is conducive to the realization of mechanized planting. In 2016, the province's potato planting area was about 950,000 acres, of which rice stubble potato planting area was about 10,000 acres. According to preliminary estimates, the province's potato planting area will increase by more than 100,000 acres in 2017, of which rice stubble potato planting area may increase To 30,000 acres.
From the national situation, the domestic potato planting areas are mainly distributed in central and western regions such as Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Shaanxi, and Yunguichuan. At present, the domestic potato planting area is about 80 million mu. It is expected that by 2020, the potato planting area will be expanded to 150 million mu, and more than 50% of potatoes will be consumed as staple food.
Reasonable sowing and proper fertilization
Liao Huajun told reporters that the best sowing period of rice stubble potatoes is in the middle and late January of each year, so that they can be rushed to the morning market in mid-to-late May. In terms of variety selection, farmers can choose early and middle-maturing potato varieties that have early tubers, tubers expand quickly, high yield, high quality, and disease resistance, such as Faurita, Zhongshu No. 3, Zhongshu No. 5, Zhongshu No. 8 and so on. .
Farmers should select seed potatoes before dicing, and remove diseased potatoes, rotten potatoes, hybrid potatoes, deformed potatoes and other potato pieces that do not meet the quality standards of seed potatoes. When slicing potato seeds, each potato chip should have 1-2 bud eyes, and a single potato chip weighs 30-50 grams. Spread the cut potato pieces in the room to air dry until the cut surface heals, or put seeds in neutral talcum powder to promote the healing of the knife edge. You can also use seeds to dress seeds, such as 50ml + 20ml / 100kg seed potatoes. , Or Antaisheng 100g + Gaoqiao 20ml / 100kg seed potatoes.
Liao Huajun specially reminded that before sowing, the soil after deep turning should be ploughed once, so that the ground is broken. Land preparation can be done mechanically or manually. The mulch cultivation mode is covered with plastic film. When single ridge and single row cultivation, the ridge width is 60 cm, the ridge height is 20 cm, and the ditch width is 30 cm. When the single ridge and double line cultivation, the ridge width is 80 cm and the ridge height 20 cm, groove 30 cm wide. If farmers use straw-covered cultivation, the potato planting shall be 120 cm wide, 30 cm wide and 20 cm deep. After the potato is planted and covered with straw, use a trencher to open the trenches and cover the soil.
In terms of fertilizer application, potato base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer supplemented with inorganic fertilizer. Potato base fertilizer generally accounts for 80% of the total fertilizer application. Apply 3,000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre of cultivated land, 70-80 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ternary compound fertilizer (15-10-20 or 15-12-18), 1.2 kg of zinc sulfate, and 1 kg of boric acid. Organic fertilizer is applied when cultivating the land. Part of the compound fertilizer is combined with the cultivated land and turned into the cultivation layer, and part of the fertilizer is concentrated when ditching before sowing. The top dressing is mainly inorganic fertilizer, and the application amount accounts for 20% of the total fertilizer application. Generally, 15 kg of urea and 16 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per acre.
When most of the stems and leaves of potato plants turn from green to yellow, and the tubers are mature, it is the best harvest time. Farmers can harvest in advance according to the yield and market price, and bring it to market in the morning.
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