New research makes immune cells "full of fire"
September 19, 2018 Source: China Science News Author: Lin Wei Yin Zhu Hanbin CEREALS
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];The reporter learned from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University that the Song Erwei and Su Shicheng team found that the long non-coding RNA NKILA can induce tumor-specific T cells to induce apoptosis, so that they can not attack the tumor. The study also suggests that NKILA in T cells can be knocked out in vitro to ensure the "firepower" of T cells reinfused into the body and enhance the effect of immunotherapy. On September 17, the relevant research was published online in Nature-Immunology.
In the treatment of lymphoma, melanoma, etc., the effect of immunotherapy is significant. However, for solid tumors such as breast cancer, the efficacy of immunotherapy is still weak, and there are still many unknown mechanisms to explore.
The team explored their research on breast cancer. They found that tumors "induced" tumor-specific T cells to "remember". The team discovered a key role for long non-coding RNA NKILA. When T cells are "quiet" inactive, NKILA is also "quiet" and is in a low-expression state; however, when T cells are "busy", NKILA also begins to express in large amounts.
At this moment, an important "life-and-death path" - the NF-é—Ž pathway is also playing a role. When it is activated, T cells can fight tumor cells and attack tumors. The researchers found that once NGILA is expressed in a large amount, it will inhibit the NF-é—Ž pathway, and the "firepower" of T cells will be greatly reduced, and the tumor cells will be "arrogant".
The research team modified T cells in vitro, silenced the expression of NKILA, and then returned T cells to a mouse model of breast cancer, and the NF-é—Ž pathway remained activated. They found that, as a result, the number of T cells in the tumor increased significantly, the number of tumor cells killed was increased, and the tumor was significantly reduced.
Song Erwei said that compared with tumor cell gene therapy, this method is to modify cells in vitro, which is more reliable and safe.
《Journal of Chinese Sciences》 (2018-09-19 1st edition)
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