Brussels sprouts, alias broccoli, and bear cabbage, cruciferous genus Brassica is a biennial herb, with a cold climate and strong cold tolerance. Its nutritional value is high, it is welcomed by the public, so the market value is naturally good, so how to manage the child holding the cabbage in summer? Next, let's take a look at the summer cultivation techniques of special vegetables and cabbage. Variety selection
High-quality, high-yield very early-maturing dwarf varieties that can be harvested in the region and harvested within about 90 days after transplanting should be selected.
Pre-cast seed treatment
The price of the cabbage seed is expensive, in order to reduce the cost and increase the emergence rate, the seedling method is generally used for fine seeding. Therefore, the germination rate should be tested before sowing, and only the seed germination rate is over 90%. Generally, before sowing, first use the transplanting area for each 667 m2 (10 to 15 g for seedling seedlings, 25 to 30 g for seedlings for seedling seedlings), soak seeds with warm water of 40 to 45 °C for 20 to 30 minutes. After sowing, pay attention to stirring while soaking to prevent scalding the seeds. If it is a coated seed, no further treatment is required.
Breeding method
Seedlings often use two methods of seedling tray and seedbed seedling.
1 tray seedling
The seedling substrate can be mixed with peat and vermiculite in a ratio of 1:1, or mixed with peat, vermiculite and waste mushroom in a ratio of 1:1:1, and exposed. At the same time, add 50 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer or 1.2 to 1.5 kg of urea and 1.2 to 1.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 100 g of root rot per 1 m3 of the substrate, and mix them evenly into the seedling apparatus for use.
Seedlings were planted in mid-May (35 to 40 days before potato harvest), and 1 to 2 seeds were seeded per hole, covering 1 cm thick vermiculite. After the covering is completed, the seedling tray is sprayed with water, and the water is dripped from the bottom hole of the tray, so that the maximum water holding capacity of the matrix reaches 200% or more. Appeared about 3 to 4 days, and check the seedlings to fill the gaps after emergence.
2 seedbed seedlings
For seedling seedlings, it is necessary to select a sandy loam block with flat terrain, convenient drainage and fertility, and fertilize 8 to 10 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per 1 m2. Mix well, level and fine, and make 1.2 m seedbed, prepare for seedling sowing. . The transplanting area requires 25 to 30 g per 667 m2 and the seedbed area is about 8 to 10 m2. According to the 5 ~ 6 cm plant spacing, 2 to 3 seeds were planted, 0.5 cm of fine soil was planted after sowing, water was poured, the black sunshade net was directly covered on the bed surface, or a small arch shed was placed on the bed surface, and the shed was covered with a sunshade net. .
Seedling management
In summer, nursery should be protected from high temperatures. During the day, the temperature of the seedbed should be kept within the range of 20 to 25 °C, and the relative humidity should be maintained at 60% to 65%. The seedlings of the plugs are sprayed with water spray on the leaves of the leaves 1 to 2 times. Seedling seedlings, after the sowing, digging the drainage ditch around the seedbed. If the temperature of the seedbed exceeds 25 °C, the temperature can be controlled by watering and sunshade. The seedbed is in the 2 leaves and 1 heart seedlings, and the weak seedlings are removed according to the row spacing of 5-6 cm. In the seedling stage, according to the growth of the seedlings, they should be topdressed and watered. After the harvest of the potato in late June, the seedlings have 5 to 6 true leaves, and when the seedlings reach 35 to 40 days, they can be transplanted and planted.
Transplanting
1 Soil preparation, fertilization, and sputum
The growth period of the cabbage is long, the plant is tall, and the potato is deeply ploughed in time after harvesting. Each 667 m2 is applied with 3 000 to 5 000 kg of compound fertilizer, 50 kg of compound fertilizer and 30 kg of diammonium phosphate. After mixing and leveling, make a 1.2 m wide flat file and transplant it in time before July 1.
2 transplanting
Generally, for each double row, the root water should be poured 1 day before planting, and the planting distance should be burrowed according to the plant spacing of 50 cm. The hole should be sealed with fine soil, and transplanted every 667 m2...2 200 plants. In the early stage of transplanting, short-term vegetables such as borage, cherry radish, and rapeseed were interplanted between rows and between the pots. Note that seedlings are seedlings, and the seedlings do not basically damage the roots. After transplanting, they are basically 100% viable. However, seedling bed nursery, the seedling bed was irrigated 1 d before transplanting, and the soil was planted on the day of transplanting, and transplanted on the day after the seedling was completed.
Field management after transplanting
1 Reasonable irrigation and drainage
Seedlings should be watered frequently after transplanting to ensure the moisture required for seedling growth. Water management is the key because of the high temperature and high temperature season in which the potato is planted in the wrong period. Irrigation can improve the microclimate in the field, can reduce the temperature, and reduce the occurrence of aphids and viral diseases. In the middle stage of plant growth, water management is based on the principle of seeing dryness and wetness. When the lower leaflet begins to form, it should be irrigated frequently to keep the soil with sufficient water, but if there is too much rainfall, it should be drained in time to avoid rotten roots.
2 skillful manure
The whole growth period is not less than 4 times, and 4 to 5 days after transplanting, combined with the watering point, the seedling fertilizer is applied, and 5 kg of urea is applied per 667 m2 to promote the seedling length. The second application of the fertilizer, 20 to 25 days after planting, the third in the small leaf expansion period, the fourth in the initial stage of the small leaf ball, the second time after the second application of urea 10 ~ 15 kg / 667 M2, or use the decomposed thin manure and manure to ensure the normal growth of the plant.
3 cultivating and weeding
From the transplanting slow seedling to the rosette period, combined with each irrigation and fertilization, weeding and weeding for 3 to 4 times, combined with cultivating, planting the roots of the plants to prevent the plants from lodging.
4 pruning and dome
When the small leaf ball is formed in the middle of the stem of the plant holding the cabbage, the lower old leaf and the yellow leaf are removed to facilitate the ventilation and light transmission, promote the development of the small leaf ball, and facilitate the recovery of the small leaf ball in the future. As the lower leaflet gradually enlarges, the leaf next to the leaflet is cut off from the base of the petiole. At the same time, in the middle and late September, when the leaves of the plants reached 55 to 60 leaves, the top buds were removed to reduce the consumption of nutrients and make the lower leaflets grow tight. Harvest
The small leaf ball produced by each leaf of the cabbage is gradually formed from the bottom to the top, and the mature leaflet is tightly wrapped and the appearance is bright. The very precocious dwarf 'Xiangyou Emerald' or 'Kapusta' variety will be harvested 2 to 3 times in late September, and each plant can receive 35 to 45 small leaf balls.... The harvest is completed in mid-to-late October.
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